Gavril ilizarov biography template

Interesting Facts

Gavriil Ilizarov was born on June 15, He went from a doctor of a district hospital to the director of the Kurgan Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics.

Laureate of the Lenin Prize (), Hero of Socialist Labor (), awarded numerous orders and medals, not only Russian, but also many foreign countries (Italy, Palestine, Jordan).

Gavriil Ilizarov was a specialist in traumatology, clinical physiology of the musculoskeletal system and orthopedics.

In , he proposed a tactic for the treatment of fractures (and then orthopedic diseases) using the compression-distraction apparatus he created. In , Ilizarov was appointed head of the problematic laboratory (at the Sverdlovsk NIITO) to substantiate and introduce the proposed method into clinical practice.

In , the laboratory was transformed into a branch of the Leningrad NIITO, and in December into the Kurgan Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Orthopedics and Traumatology (KNIIEKOT). In , the Institute became All-Union, and in the Russian Scientific Center "Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics" was named after Academician G.A.

Ilizarov.

The scientists of the Center investigate the processes of regeneration and growth of bone and other tissues, conduct fundamental and applied biomedical and medical engineering study, develop and implement new technical means and methods of treatment and rehabilitation of orthopedic and trauma patients.

Scientists and doctors of the Center defended Ph.D.

and 37 doctoral dissertations, published thousand scientific works, prepared teaching aids for practitioners, published 29 monographs and 36 thematic collections of scientific papers. On the basis of the Center, traumatologists and orthopedists are trained in the Ilizarov method, a dissertation council, postgraduate studies and clinical residency work.

Government Decree Russian Federation dated December 7, to the Russian Scientific Center "Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics" named after Academician G.A.

Ilizarov was awarded the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of quality for the significant results achieved in the field of quality of medical services and the introduction of highly effective methods of managing the quality of treatment.

Also in , the Center became the Laureate of the All-Russian match " Russian organization high social efficiency".

Gavriil Ilizarov (–) would have celebrated his th birthday in (Figure 1). His contributions to the field of orthopaedic surgery are simply extraordinary.

Since , the official name of the Center is Federal government agency Science "Russian Scientific Center "Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics" named after Academician G.A. Ilizarov federal agency health and social development".

In memory of Academician G.A.

Ilizarov published scientific and theoretical practical journal"Genius of Orthopedics".

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State educational institution

Higher professional education

"Samara State Medical University"

Department of the History of Medicine.

Abstract on the topic:

Ilizarov Gavriil Abramovich

Employed: 2nd year student

medical faculty groups

Mikhalev Roman Vsevolodovich

Checked by: Pakshaeva T.S.

Samara

Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov was born on June 15, in broke family mountain Jews.

The boy's childhood passed in the Caucasus. The father of the family died early, so Gabriel, as the eldest of six children, had to look for ways to feed himself. To receive at least some money, the child took on hard work: shepherded cattle, plowed, mowed, uprooted stumps.

Gabriel went to school only at the age of But perseverance and thirst for truth were so great that he quickly made up for the program, successfully passed the exams and was transferred immediately to the 4th grade.

Once in his life there was an incident that predetermined his future fate.

In each mountain settlement there was a healer, to whom the inhabitants turned for assist in case of illness. Any ailment local healer explained by intervention evil spirits and the treatment was always the same: bloodletting and conspiracy. But in the village where the family lived, appeared new person- a paramedic, about whom they immediately started talking: he treated for free, and his drugs immediately helped.

When suddenly Gabriel fell seriously ill and spent several days unconscious, his mother called a new doctor. He made the boy drink 3 teapots of water and gave him some pills. The next morning, the disease subsided. This case struck little Ilizarov, it was then that he decided to become a doctor and restore people, like this paramedic.

The juvenile man graduated with honors from school and entered the medical faculty in the city of Buynaksk.

In , Ilizarov was sent to study at the Crimean Medical Institute. Almost immediately, with the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the university was evacuated to Kazakhstan.

In , the doctor was sent to work in the Kurgan region, to the hospital in the village of Dolgovka.

In conditions of poverty, devastation and craving, Ilizarov worked for five years. Hundreds of soldiers with combat wounds passed through the hands of a young specialist, most often they were bone fractures. Gradually, he began to detect that it takes too much time to treat even the simplest injury, and this is due to traditional methods of treatment.

At this time, Ilizarov began to study the processes of regeneration and growth of bone tissue and began to search for a fundamentally recent solution to this issue.

In , he introduced an original layout for bone fusion - a compression-distraction apparatus.

Later, in one of the numerous interviews, the doctor told how he came up with the idea of creating the apparatus that glorified him. One day he was driving to a sick male and, sitting in a cart, he took a closer glance at how the collar was attached to the shafts.

Returning place, he made a prototype apparatus from improvised means and placed it on a broken shovel handle.

The design was extremely simple: instead of plaster, there were two metal rings to which rods and spokes were attached, passing through the bone tissue. The miracle device provided complete immobility at the fracture site.

However, the presentation of a new way to treat fractures caused a negative reaction from colleagues.

Scientists doubted this approach, some called Ilizarov a "village doctor", and his approach to the treatment of fractures - locksmith, because the Kurgan medic forced his patients to hike almost immediately after the operation, and this was contrary to the methods of treatment recognized at that time.

In the meantime, the facts spoke for themselves - people from all over the country came to Ilizarov, more than a thousand operations were carried out. Thanks to the new method, for the first time it was possible to eliminate bone defects in a bloodless way and lengthen the limbs up to 25 centimeters.

At the equal time, the bones were firmly fixed, fused evenly and surprisingly quickly - in just a week.

The most famous of Dr. Ilizarov's patients is the "rocket man" Valery Brumel. In , the world record holder in the high jump had an accident, as a result of which one leg was fractured much longer than the other.

But Gavriil Abramovich returned the jumper to the sport. The champion dedicated his autobiographical novel "Height" to the surgeon.

In , a new method of treating fractures was approved by a certificate (No. ).

In G.A.

Ilizarov was appointed head of the surgical department of the Kurgan Regional Hospital for war invalids. At the same time, he performed the duties of an air ambulance surgeon to provide urgent surgical care to residents of rural areas.

Since , Gavriil Abramovich worked as the brain of a problematic laboratory in Sverdlovsk to introduce his invention, a compression-distraction apparatus, into clinical practice.

In , Gavriil Abramovich defended his dissertation "Compression osteosynthesis with the author's apparatus." Contrary to all the rules, having passed the candidate, Ilizarov received a doctorate in medical sciences.

The Academic Council gave the exceptional surgeon a standing ovation.

For his merits in the field of medicine, the brilliant doctor received many high awards, both Russian and foreign, including the most honorable in the USSR - the Lenin Prize.

In in Kurgan G.A.

Ilizarov created the Study Institute of Experimental and Clinical Orthopedics and Traumatology (KNIIEKOT). Today this research institute is the main medical Center, where not only a compression-distraction apparatus is used, but also a unusual method of treating fractures is constantly being improved.

Dr.

Ilizarov died of heart failure in at the age of seventy-two.

ilizarov fracture treatment osteosynthesis

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Patient #1: Dmitri Shostakovich, composer

At the age of 64, Dmitry Dmitrievich was tormented by a painful disease - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Due to atrophy of the muscles of the arms and legs, the excellent composer could hardly walk.

On February 24, , he first came to Kurgan, where the Scientific Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Orthopedics and Traumatology was located (of course, Ilizarov led it). Literally a couple of months after the launch of rehabilitation, Shostakovich began to move much better, he was even seen playing the piano in the Ilizarov waiting room.

In Kurgan, Shostakovich began to labor again: it was here that Dmitry Dmitrievich completed his 15th symphony, this became possible thanks to the methods of Ilizarov.

In total, Professor Ilizarov presented inventions that were protected by USSR certificates, and 18 of them were patented in 10 countries of the world.

Patient #2: Valery Brumel, track and field athlete

Olympic champion, world record holder in high jump - after a motorcycle accident in October , he was predicted to have his foot amputated, they assured him that Valery would no longer be able to walk normally.

In two years, Brumel underwent a total of 32 operations, still moving on crutches. In , this hopeless patient went to Ilizarov's clinic for rehabilitation, and the next year (it was hard to believe!) - he started workout again and even took a height of centimeters.

Ilizarov lay Valery on his feet with the help of his invention - a transosseous compression-distraction apparatus. This miracle looks like this: metal rings on which spokes are attached, passing through the bone tissue - thus damaged bones are fixed.

The device is adjusted in such a way as to provide the necessary biological processes, compression and stretching of the bone tissue.

The device several times increased the effectiveness of treatment and reduced its duration. In the preceding s, the Ilizarov apparatus became known throughout the world, the surgeon himself was even nicknamed "Michelangelo in orthopedics" in the West.

With the help of the Ilizarov apparatus, fractures, bone deformities are still treated all over the world, and even legs are lengthened.

Patient #3: Vladimir Chagin, racing driver

The seven-time winner of the Dakar Rally (in the truck class) broke his arm in March during one of the test runs in Naberezhnye Chelny.

And not just broken - it was a complex fracture of the wrist joint, an operation under general anesthesia, unclear prospects. Ilizarov himself had been dead for 17 years, but with the support of his inventions, miracles still worked: two months after the injury, the year-old racer Chagin again got behind the wheel of his KAMAZ.

Foreign awards:

Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov(June 15, Bialowieza, Bialystok Voivodeship of the Second Commonwealth (now Podlaskie Voivodeship of Poland) - July 24, Kurgan) - an outstanding Soviet orthopedic surgeon, inventor, doctor of medical sciences (), professor.

Biography

Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov was born the eldest of six children into a poor Jewish family in Bialowieza, Bialystok Voivodeship of the Second Commonwealth, where his mother's family lived and where his father settled after serving in the Red Army during the Civil War.

The father of the future surgeon Abram Elizarov, of Mountain Jewish start, came from Kusar; mother - Golda Abramovna Rosenblum, of Ashkenazi origin - from Belovezh. When he was seven years senior, the family moved to his father's homeland in Kusary, where the future surgeon graduated from an eight-year school, then from the Buynaksky medical faculty.

Being the head of the surgical department of the Kurgan Regional Hospital for War Disabled Persons, where hundreds of fighters with the consequences of bone injuries passed before his eyes, for whom the treatment provided practically no result, G.

A. Ilizarov proposed his own, fundamentally fresh method of fusion of bones in fractures. The novelty of the proposed method and apparatus for its implementation are confirmed by the author's certificate. The use of the Ilizarov apparatus increased efficiency and significantly reduced the time for fracture treatment.

Much practice has made it possible to expand the range of application of the apparatus.
Invented in by G. A. Ilizarov, the transosseous compression-distraction apparatus harmoniously combines the stable fixation of bone fragments with the control of complex biological processes of bone tissue development (its compression (“compression”) or stretching (“distraction”)).

The apparatus consists of metal "rings" on which "spokes" are attached, passing through the bone tissue. The rings are related by mechanical rods, allowing them to change their orientation at a rate of about one millimeter per day. The Ilizarov apparatus is a universal dynamic design that allows creating superior medical, biological and mechanical conditions for both bone fusion and anatomical and functional restoration of the musculoskeletal system.

Counting on the widespread use of his apparatus, G. A. Ilizarov unified its components and parts. For each case, doctors assemble their own special kind of apparatus from a very limited number of parts. The device is used to treat injuries, fractures, congenital deformities of bone tissue.

It is also used in "aesthetic" operations in anthropometric (orthopedic) cosmetology to lengthen and straighten the legs.

It took for a long time so that the method of transosseous osteosynthesis developed by G. A. Ilizarov would be universally recognized.

For superb achievements, Ilizarov was awarded the degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences without receiving the title of candidate. The dissertation defense took place in Perm in September The dissertation summarized the experience accumulated over many years of successful treatment of thousands of patients.

Based on a comprehensive analysis, the discovery of certain patterns in the progress and regeneration of tissues was made, which made it doable to lengthen the limbs, repair the missing parts of the limbs, including the foot, fingers. This work created a true sensation.

A. Ilizarov obtained the first positive results in experiments on restoring the function spinal cord after operational partial (almost complete) of its intersection. Never before, not only in our country, but nowhere else in the world have such fundamental research in traumatology and orthopedics.

The evidence of novelty in the works of G.

A. Ilizarov is undeniable and unique. All this allowed Soviet orthopedics and traumatology to take a primary position in the world. To preserve it in the future, the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, by Decree No.

of September 24, , reorganized the Kurgan Explore Institute of Experimental and Clinical Orthopedics and Traumatology into the All-Union Kurgan Scientific Center "Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics" with a head institution in Kurgan and branches in the Moscow Region , the cities of Leningrad, Volgograd, Kazan, Ufa, Krasnodar, Sverdlovsk, Omsk, Krasnoyarsk and Vladivostok.

Since , the triumphal procession and the introduction of the Ilizarov tactic into the practice of foremost foreign countries began.

The foreign press gives Ilizarov the enthusiastic title of "Michelangelo in Orthopedics". Showered with invitations to go to Spain, France, England, USA, Mexico and other countries. The Italian company Medical Plastic buys a license for the right to manufacture and sell the Ilizarov apparatus in the countries Western Europe as well as in Brazil and Argentina.

The Italian ASAMI (Association for the Examine of the Ilizarov Apparatus and Method) decides to conduct lasting international courses for training this method. G. A. Ilizarov is unanimously approved as the course director.

ASAMI are created in Spain, France, Belgium, Portugal, and then in Mexico, the USA and other countries (G. A. Ilizarov visited more than thirty countries of the world participating in scientific conferences lecturing, instruction and performing surgeries).

The international relations of the Kurgan NIIEKOT with foreign medical and scientific institutions are constantly expanding. Many foreign citizens come to Kurgan for treatment.

G. A. Ilizarov was awarded many honorary titles and awards, national and international prizes.

He was awarded the honorary title "Honored Doctor of the RSFSR", was awarded the Lenin Prize of the USSR in the field of science and technology, and was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, the medal "For Valiant Labor in Commemoration of the th Anniversary of the Birth of V.

I. Lenin", he was awarded the utmost awards of the USSR - the Order of Lenin. Starting from the first apparatus, G. A. Ilizarov has been constantly engaged in inventive work. He has inventions protected by USSR certificates, 18 of them own been patented in 10 countries.

For success in this area, he was awarded the title of Honored Inventor of the RSFSR and Honored Inventor of the USSR. In addition, he became a laureate of the competition "Technology - the chariot of progress" held by the magazine "Inventor and Rationalizer".

For the presented works, he was awarded gold, silver medals and Diplomas of the Exhibition of Achievements National economy USSR. In addition, G. A. Ilizarov was elected a member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and was also an honorary member of the Cuban Academy of Sciences and the Macedonian Academy of Arts.

For its international activities in providing medical look after foreign citizens, strengthening friendship between peoples different countries he has received many awards. G. A. Ilizarov was awarded international and national prizes for his amazing contribution to the development of medical science.

G. A. Ilizarov was an honorary member of SOFKOT (French Society of Surgeons, Orthopedists and Traumatologists), the Association of Yugoslavia, societies of Czechoslovakia, Mexico, and Italy.

G. A. Ilizarov was engaged in great activity: he was elected a deputy of the district and regional Soviets of working people's deputies, a deputy Supreme Council RSFSR, People's Deputy of the USSR.

Participated in the work of the XXV, XXVI, XXVII Congresses of the CPSU, the XIX Party Conference. He was a member of the Scientific Council of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, a member of the Central Council of the All-Union Society of Inventors and Innovators of the USSR, a member of the editorial board of the journal Orthopedics, Traumatology and Prosthetics, the USSR Cultural Foundation and the Union of Soviet Societies for Friendship and Cultural Relations with foreign countries.

Under the leadership of G. A. Ilizarov, 52 candidate and 7 doctoral dissertations were defended.

About Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov, enthusiastic articles, feature essays, novels and stories have been written, he became the hero or prototype of many feature films, theatrical productions: “Every day of Dr.

Kalinnikova”, “Movement”, “Call me, doctor”, “Doctor Nazarov”, “Happiness has returned to the house” and others.

In , at the seventy-second year of his life, Academician G. A. Ilizarov died suddenly of heart failure. He was buried in Kurgan at the cemetery of the village of Ryabkovo.

A family

A. Ilizarov had a son Alexander and two daughters Maria and Svetlana from different marriages. Son - Alexander Gavrilovich Ilizarov (born ), engineer-architect in Novosibirsk. Daughter - Svetlana Gavrilovna Ilizarova (born ), a rehabilitation surgeon and physiotherapist in New York, candidate of medical sciences, co-editor of the collection "Limb Extension and Reconstruction Surgery" ().

Memory

In , the astronomer of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, Lyudmila Karachkina, named the asteroid Ilizarov discovered by her on October 14,
In September , the artist Israil Tsvaygenbaum flew to the town of Kurgan, where he spent 6 days with Dr.

Ilizarov to make sketches. Zweigenbaum worked on sketches in Dr. Ilizarov's office. Later, Zweigenbaum gave the portrait as a gift to Dr. G. A. Ilizarov.
June 15, at the initiative CEO RAMS Shevtsov Vladimir Ivanovich opened a museum of the history of the development of the Ilizarov Center.
In , the Foundation was formed.

G. A. Ilizarova.
A monument to the founder and originator of the method and the center, Academician G. A. Ilizarov, was unveiled on the land of the RRC “WTO”.
since , in memory of G. A. Ilizarov, a practical journal “The Genius of Orthopedics” has been published.
In , a Russian postal envelope dedicated to Ilizarov was issued.
In , in the municipality of Kurgan, director Andrei Romanov filmed documentary"He dedicated his experience to people", dedicated to the 90th anniversary of G.

A. Ilizarov. The film received the prize of the Mayor of the city of Kamensk-Uralsky M. S. Astakhov at the Third International Tourist Film Festival "Date with Russia" in the cities of Verkhoturye and Kamensk-Uralsky ().

Compositions

Ilizarov G.A. Blood supply to the spine and the effect of changes in trophism and load on its shape.

- Chelyabinsk,
Ilizarov G.A. October in my destiny / Lit. entry by V. Gavrishin. - Chelyabinsk: South Ural book publishing house, - p.
Treatment of flexion contractures of the knee and ankle joints / Compiled by G.

A. Ilizarov and A. A. Devyatov. - Kurgan, - 14 p. - 3, copies.
Transosseous compression and distraction osteosynthesis in traumatology and orthopedics / Ed. ed. G. A. Ilizarov. Collection of scientific works. Issue 1. - Kurgan: Soviet Trans-Urals, - p.

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Notes

on the official website of the Russian Academy of Sciences

An excerpt characterizing Ilizarov, Gavriil Abramovich

The next day, the troops gathered in the evening at the appointed places and marched out at night.

It was an autumn night with black-purple clouds, but no rain. The ground was wet, but there was no mud, and the troops marched without noise, only the strumming of artillery was faintly audible. It was forbidden to speak loudly, smoke pipes, make fire; the horses were kept from neighing.

The mystery of the enterprise increased its attractiveness. The people were having fun. Some of the columns stopped, put their guns on the racks, and lay down on cold ground, believing that they came to the right place; some (most) columns walked all night and, obviously, went in the wrong direction.

Count Orlov Denisov with the Cossacks (the most insignificant detachment of all others) alone got to his place and at his time. This detachment stopped at the extreme edge of the forest, on the path from the village of Stromilova to Dmitrovskoye.

Before dawn, Count Orlov, who had dozed off, was awakened. They brought in a defector from the French camp. It was a Polish non-commissioned officer of Poniatowski's corps. This non-commissioned officer explained in Polish that he defected because he was offended in the service, that it would be period for him to be an officer long ago, that he is the bravest of all and therefore abandoned them and wants to punish them.

He said that Murat was spending the night a mile away from them, and that if they gave him a hundred people in an escort, he would take him alive.

June 15, , is the birthday of Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov, a prominent surgeon-orthopedist, Professor, inventor, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medicine Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov. The physician performed a huge number of surgeries in his life.

Count Orlov Denisov consulted with his comrades. The offer was too flattering to refuse. Everyone volunteered to go, everyone advised to seek . After many disputes and considerations, Major General Grekov, with two Cossack regiments, decided to proceed with a non-commissioned officer.

“Well, remember,” said Count Orlov Denisov to the non-commissioned officer, releasing him, “in case you lied, I will order you to be hanged like a canine, but the truth is a hundred chervonets.”
The non-commissioned officer, with a resolute look, did not answer these words, mounted on horseback and rode off with Grekov, who had fast gathered himself.

They hid in the forest. Count Orlov, shrugging from the freshness of the morning dawning, excited by what he was up to on his own responsibility, having seen Grekov off, went out of the forest and began to look around the enemy camp, which was now visible deceptively in the light of the beginning of the morning and the dying fires.

To the right of Count Orlov Denisov, on an open slope, our columns should have appeared.

History of Gavril Ilizarov – Kirienko: Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov (Russian: Гавриил Абрамович Илизаров; 15 June – 24 July ) was a Soviet physician, known for inventing the Ilizarov apparatus for stretching limb bones and for the method of surgery named after him, the Ilizarov surgery.

Number Orlov looked there; but despite the fact that they would have been visible from afar, these columns were not noticeable. In the French camp, as it seemed to Count Orlov Denisov, and especially according to his very vigilant adjutant, they began to stir.

“Oh, really, it’s late,” said Count Orlov, looking at the camp. He suddenly, as often happens, after the person we believe is no longer in front of his eyes, it suddenly became completely clear and obvious to him that the non-commissioned officer was a deceiver, that he had lied and would only spoil the whole attack by the absence of these two regiments, whom he will direction God knows where.

Is it possible to snatch out the commander-in-chief from such a mass of troops?
“Really, he’s lying, this rogue,” said the reckon.
“You can turn back,” said one of the retinue, who, like Count Orlov Denisov, felt distrust of the enterprise when he looked at the camp.

- BUT? Right?.. what perform you think, or leave? Or not?
- Would you appreciate to turn back?
- Twist back, turn back! - Number Orlov suddenly said resolutely, looking at his watch, - it will be late, it will be quite light.

And the adjutant galloped through the forest after Grekov. When Grekov returned, Count Orlov Denisov, excited by this canceled attempt, and the vain expectation of infantry columns, which all did not demonstrate up, and the proximity of the enemy (all the people of his detachment experienced the same), decided to attack.

He commanded in a whisper: "Sit down!" Divided, baptized
- With God!
"Uraaaaa!" roared through the forest, and, one hundred after another, as if sleeping out of a bag, the Cossacks flew merrily with their darts at the ready, across the stream to the camp.

Gavril Ilizarov was born on June 15, in the small town of Belovezh in Belarus. A native of the Caucasus, Ilizarov grew up alone in this small village on the border between Poland and Belarus, whilst his family returned to Dagestan. The childhood of one who was eventually to become a doctor of reference not just in Russia but throughout the West, was characterised by very difficult living conditions. In his early years Gavril Elizarov his last name was changed due to a spelling error by an official in the register of births already demonstrated a great propensity towards learning, so much so in fact that he completed his infant educational facility studies in one year and his senior school studies in eight.

One desperate, frightened weep of the first Frenchman who saw the Cossacks - and all that was in the camp, undressed, half-awake, threw guns, rifles, horses and ran anywhere.
If the Cossacks pursued the French, not paying attention to what was behind and around them, they would have taken Murat and everything that was there.

The bosses wanted it. But it was impossible to budge the Cossacks when they got to the booty and prisoners. Nobody listened to the commands. One thousand five hundred prisoners were immediately taken, thirty-eight guns, banners and, most importantly for the Cossacks, horses, saddles, blankets and various items.

It was necessary to do with all this, to seize the prisoners, guns, divide the booty, shout, even fight among themselves: the Cossacks took care of all this.
The French, no longer pursued, began to gradually come to their senses, gathered in teams and began to shoot.

Orlov Denisov waited for all the columns and did not advance further.
Meanwhile, according to the disposition: “die erste Colonne marschiert” [the first column is coming (German)], etc., the infantry troops of the overdue columns, commanded by Benigsen and managed by Tol, made their way and, as always happens, came somewhere , but not where they were assigned.

As always happens, people who went out cheerfully began to stop; displeasure was heard, a thought of confusion, they moved somewhere back. The galloping adjutants and generals shouted, got angry, quarreled, said that they were completely in the wrong place and were late, they scolded someone, etc., and finally, everyone waved their hand and went only to go somewhere.

"We'll proceed somewhere!" And indeed, they came, but not there, and some went there, but they were so late that they came without any use, only to be shot at. Toll, who in this battle played the role of Weyrother in Austerlitz, diligently galloped from place to place and everywhere found everything upside down.

So he rode on Baggovut's corps in the forest, when it was already completely light, and this corps should have been there extended ago, with Orlov Denisov.

Tel: E: sales plattsnisbett. Gavril Abramovich Ilizarov was a Soviet physician, who became famous for inventing the Ilizarov apparatus for stretching limb bones. Ilizarov was born in Poland to a Jewish family from the Russian Empire. Shortly after his birth the family moved to Azerbaijan, where he grew up.

Excited, upset by the failure and believing that someone was to accuse for this, Toll jumped up to the corps commander and began to reproach him severely, saying that he should be shot for this. Baggovut, the old, fighting, calm general, also exhausted by all the stops, confusions, contradictions, to the surprise of everyone, completely contrary to his character, went into a rage and said unpleasant things to Tolya.

“I don’t long to take lessons from anyone, but I know how to die with my soldiers no worse than anyone else,” he said, and went forward with one division.
Entering the field under the French shots, the excited and brave Baggovut, not realizing whether his intervention now was useful or useless, and with one division, went vertical and led his troops under the shots.

Danger, cannonballs, bullets were just what he needed in his angry mood. One of the first bullets killed him, the next bullets killed many soldiers. And his division stood for some time useless under fire.

Meanwhile, another column was supposed to attack the French from the front, but Kutuzov was with this column.

He knew well that nothing but confusion would come out of this battle, which had begun against his will, and, as far as it was in his power, held back the troops. He didn't move.
Kutuzov silently rode on his gray horse, lazily responding to suggestions to attack.

“You have everything on your tongue to strike, but you don’t see that we don’t know how to make complex maneuvers,” he said to Miloradovich, who was asking to come forward.
- They didn’t know how to seize Murat alive in the morning and arrive on time at the place: now there’s nothing to do!

he replied to another.
When Kutuzov was informed that in the rear of the French, where, according to the reports of the Cossacks, there had been no one before, there were now two battalions of Poles, he glanced back at Yermolov (he had not spoken to him since yesterday).

- Here they inquire for an offensive, they propose various projects, but as soon as you get down to business, nothing is ready, and the warned enemy takes his measures.
Yermolov screwed up his eyes and smiled slightly when he heard these words.

He realized that the storm had passed for him and that Kutuzov would confine himself to this hint.
“He’s amused at my expense,” Yermolov said adv, pushing Raevsky, who was standing beside him, with his knee.
Shortly thereafter, Yermolov moved forward to Kutuzov and respectfully reported:
“Time has not been clueless, Your Grace, the enemy has not left.

If you organize to attack? And then the guards will not see the smoke.
Kutuzov did not utter anything, but when he was informed that Murat's troops were retreating, he ordered an offensive; but every hundred steps he stopped for three-quarters of an hour.

The whole battle consisted only in what the Cossacks of Orlov Denisov did; the rest of the troops only lost a few hundred people in vain.
As a fallout of this battle, Kutuzov received a diamond badge, Benigsen also received diamonds and a hundred thousand rubles, others, according to their ranks, also received a lot of pleasant things, and after this battle, new changes were made in the headquarters.

“This is how we always do it, everything is upside down!” - Russian officers and generals said after the Battle of Tarutino, - just prefer they say now, making it feel that someone stupid is doing it upside down, but we would not have done it that way.

But people who say this either accomplish not know the business they are talking about, or deliberately deceive themselves. Every battle - Tarutino, Borodino, Austerlitz - everything is not carried out in the way that its stewards intended.

This is an necessary condition.
An innumerable number of free forces (for nowhere is a man more free than in a battle where existence and death are at stake) influence the direction of the battle, and this direction can never be known in advance and never coincide with the direction of any one oblige.

If many, simultaneously and diversely directed forces act on some body, then the direction of movement of this body cannot coincide with any of the forces; but there will always be an average, shortest command, that which in mechanics is expressed by the diagonal of the parallelogram of forces.

If in the descriptions of historians, especially French ones, we discover that their wars and battles are carried out according to a predetermined plan, then the only conclusion that we can draw from this is that these descriptions are not adjust.
The Tarutino battle, obviously, did not achieve the goal that Tol had in mind: to bring the troops into deed in order, according to the disposition, and the one that Count Orlov could have had; capture Murat, or the purpose of instantly exterminating the entire corps, which Benigsen and other persons could have, or the goals of an officer who wanted to get into business and distinguish himself, or a Cossack who wanted to acquire more booty than he got, etc.

But , if the goal was what really happened, and what was then a common desire for all Russian people (the expulsion of the French from Russia and the extermination of their army), then it will be completely remove that the Battle of Tarutino, precisely because of its incongruities, was the very , which was needed during that period of the campaign.

It is difficult and impossible to ponder of any outcome of this battle more expedient than the one that it had. With the smallest exertion, with the greatest confusion and with the most insignificant loss, the greatest results in the entire campaign were obtained, the transition from retreat to attack was made, the weakness of the French was exposed, and that impetus was given, which was only expected by the Napoleonic army to start the flight.

Napoleon enters Moscow after a brilliant victory de la Moskowa; there can be no doubt about victory, since the battlefield remains with the French.

The Russians retreat and give up the capital. Moscow, filled with provisions, weapons, shells and untold riches, is in the hands of Napoleon. The Russian army, twice as weak as the French, does not make a single try to attack for a month. Napoleon's position is the most brilliant.

In order to descend on the remnants of the Russian army with double power and exterminate it, in arrange to negotiate a favorable calm or, in case of refusal, to make a threatening movement against Petersburg, in order even, in case of failure, to return to Smolensk or Vilna , or stay in Moscow - in order, in a word, to keep the brilliant position in which the French army was at that moment, it would seem that no special genius is needed.

To do this, it was necessary to do the simplest and easiest: to prevent the troops from plundering, to prepare winter clothes, which would have been enough in Moscow for the entire army, and it would be right to collect provisions that were in Moscow for more than six months (according to the indications of French historians) for the entire army.

Napoleon, the most brilliant of geniuses and having the dominance to direct the army, historians say, did nothing of the sort.
Not only did he not do any of this, but, on the contrary, he used his power to decide from all the paths of activity presented to him that which was the most silly and pernicious of all.

Of all that Napoleon could do: spend the winter in Moscow, go to St. Petersburg, depart to Nizhny Novgorod, go help, north or south, the way that Kutuzov went later - well, whatever you think up is more stupid and more pernicious than what he did Napoleon, that is, to continue in Moscow until October, disappearing the troops to plunder the city, then, hesitating whether to leave or not to depart the garrison, leave Moscow, approach Kutuzov, do not start fighting, go to the right, grasp Maly Yaroslavets, again without experiencing the chance to break through , to go not along the road along which Kutuzov went, but to go endorse to Mozhaisk and along the devastated Smolensk road - nothing could be more stupid than this, more detrimental to the army, as the consequences showed.

Let the most skillful strategists come up with, imagining that Napoleon's goal was to annihilate his army, come up with another series of actions that would, with the same certainty and independence from everything that the Russian troops did, would completely destroy the whole French army, like what Napoleon did.

The brilliant Napoleon did it. But to say that Napoleon destroyed his army because he wanted it, or because he was very stupid, would be just as unfair as to say that Napoleon brought his troops to Moscow because he wanted it, and because that he was very smart and brilliant.

In both cases, his personal activity, which had no more power than the personal activity of each soldier, only coincided with the laws according to which the phenomenon took place.
Quite falsely (only because the consequences did not justify the activities of Napoleon) historians present to us the force of Napoleon weakened in Moscow.

He, just as before, as after, in the 13th year, used all his skill and strength to do the top for himself and his army. Napoleon's activity during this period is no less amazing than in Egypt, in Italy, in Austria and in Prussia. We do not know correctly about the extent to which the genius of Napoleon was authentic in Egypt, where forty centuries looked at his greatness, because all these great feats are described to us only by the French.

We cannot correctly judge his genius in Austria and Prussia, since information about his activities there must be drawn from French and German sources; and the incomprehensible surrender of corps without battles and fortresses without siege should incline the Germans to recognize genius as the only explanation for the war that was waged in Germany.

But there is no reason for us to recognize his genius in directive to hide our shame, praise God. We have paid to have the right to simply and directly look at the matter, and we will not cede this right.
His exercise in Moscow is as astounding and ingenious as elsewhere.

Orders after orders and plans after plans come from him from the moment he enters Moscow until he leaves it. The absence of residents and deputations, and the fire of Moscow itself, do not bother him. He does not lose sight of either the good of his army, or the deeds of the enemy, or the good of the peoples of Russia, or the administration of the valleys of Paris, or diplomatic considerations about the forthcoming conditions of peace.

In military terms, immediately upon entering Moscow, Napoleon strictly orders General Sebastiani to follow the movements of the Russian army, sends corps along different roads, and orders Murat to find Kutuzov.

Then he diligently orders the strengthening of the Kremlin; then he makes an ingenious plan for a future campaign across the entire map of Russia. In terms of diplomacy, Napoleon calls to himself the robbed and ragged captain Yakovlev, who does not know how to get out of Moscow, sets out to him in detail all his policy and his generosity and, writing a letter to Emperor Alexander, in which he considers it his duty to brief his friend and brother that Rostopchin badly ordered in Moscow, he sends Yakovlev to Petersburg.

Having set out in the same detail his views and generosity before Tutolmin, he sends this old man to St. Petersburg for negotiations.
With respect to the legal, immediately after the fires, it was ordered to find the perpetrators and execute them.

And the villain Rostopchin is punished by creature ordered to burn his houses.

Ilizarov Gavriil Abramovich gave birth 15 June in Belovezh, Byelorussian SSR, in a large peasant family. He spent his childhood in a mountain village in the Caucasus.

In he graduated externally general education school.

Inhe graduated from Buynaksk Medical Rabfakan educational establishment set up to ready workers and peasants for higher education, and he entered the Crimea Medical School in Simferopol. After the outbreak of the German—Soviet War inthe school was evacuated to Kyzylorda in Kazakhstan. After finishing school inIlizarov was sent to a rural hospital in Dolgovka, a village in Kurgan Oblast in Siberiakm east of Moscow. Ilizarov's residency was carried out in orthopedic surgeryduring which he developed an external fixator system in

He continued his further studies at the Faculty of Medicine in Dagestan, and then entered the Crimean Medical Institute.

At the starting of the Great Patriotic War together with students Gavriil Ilizarov is evacuated to Kazakhstan. He graduated from the Crimean Medical Institute in Then, as a young specialist, he was sent to the hospital in the village of Dolgovka, Kurgan Region.

He worked as an breeze ambulance surgeon to provide emergency surgical care to the population.

During the years of work as a rural doctor, Ilizarov became interested in the problem of bone and soft tissue regeneration in the treatment of limb fractures.

In In he proposed his own method of fusion of bones in case of fractures using an original style - a device for transosseous fixation. He made the first report about this at a meeting of the Kurgan Regional Scientific Society of Surgeons in December The application for the invention was filed on June 9, , certificate No.

issued on June 30,

New successful ways treatment of injuries and diseases developed by G.A. Ilizarov, made it possible to cut down the duration of treatment and in some cases proved to be superior to the traditional methods of treating orthopedic and trauma patients that existed until that time in practical and theoretical medicine.

To study the rich practical experience accumulated by Kurgan surgeons and solve complex medical problems using the Ilizarov method inIn , in Kurgan, on the basis of the 2nd city hospital, a problematic laboratory of Sverdlovsky was createdNIITO for the study of the method of transosseous osteosynthesis.

G.A. was appointed head of the laboratory. Ilizarov.

Bottom line painstaking function became a scientific generalization of clinical experience as a consequence of experimental studies, which G.A. Ilizarov presented in in his Ph.D. thesis "Compression osteosynthesis with the author's apparatus".

The Academic Council of the Perm Medical Institute highly appreciated Ilizarov's dissertation and awarded him the degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences.

Proposed by G.A. The Ilizarov method could not be limitednarrow research areas.

ATIn , on the basis of the Kurgan problem laboratory, a new medical institution was created - a branch of LNIITO them. R.R. Harmful. And in December , thanks to huge scientific achievements team headed by G.A. Ilizarov, recognizing the scientific and practical importance of the developments carried out by the institute, the branch, by order of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR, was transformed into the Kurgan Research Institute of Experimental and clinical orthopedics and traumatology.

The director of the institute was appointed doctor of medical sciences G.A. OT in was reorganized into the All-Union Kurgan Scientific Center "Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics" (VKNTS "VTO").

Academician Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov was a vivid, extraordinary personality, the permanent top of the All-Union Kurgan Scientific Center "Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics" until July He became the author of new principles for the treatment of injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

The device and methods of treatment invented by him marked the beginning of new era in traumatology and orthopedics, gave a powerful impetus to the development of medical science. His merit is that he widely introduced his treatment experience, created a school of like-minded people in order to preserve the idea and give it life.

Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov in was awarded the title of "Honored Healer of the RSFSR" for unmatched services in the field of public health, and in - the academic title of "professor" in the specialty "traumatology and orthopedics".

In he was awarded the Lenin Prize for a series of works on the development of a new way of treating patients with injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system, and in he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.

In G.A. Ilizarov was elected a corresponding member, and in - an academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

For services to the national health care G.A. Ilizarov was awarded three Orders of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. He was awarded many local and foreign awards, medals and prizes: the Order of the Smile, the Order of the Honorary Commander of the Italian Republic; International Prize "Bucceri-la-Ferta" (small Nobel Prize for outstanding achievements in medicine); Robert Deniz award for the most significant labor related to the surgical treatment of fractures, etc.

G.A. Ilizarov was an honorary member of SOFKOT, the Association of Orthopedic Traumatologists of Yugoslavia; societies of traumatologists-orthopedists of Czechoslovakia, Mexico, Italy; was elected an honorary citizen of many cities of foreign countries.

Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov was actively engaged in inventive activity, he has inventions to his credit.

In he was awarded the title of "Honored Inventor of the RSFSR", and in - "Honored Inventor of the USSR" for inventions that opened up new directions in the training of medical science. In , he was awarded a diploma for the discovery of the General Biological Property of Tissues to Respond to Dosed Stretching by Growth and Regeneration, called the Ilizarov Effect.

Great value G.A.

Ilizarov devoted to social operate. He was elected a deputy of the district and regional Soviets of Working People's Deputies, a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, a people's deputy of the USSR; participated in the work of the XXV, XXVI, XXVII congresses of the CPSU, the XIX party conference.

Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov chose one of the most difficult areas of medicine - traumatology and orthopedics, but remained true to his profession. He devoted his whole life to healing people: he helped thousands of sick people, returned aspire to already desperate people.

His name is known throughout the world. Ilizarov - sounds the same in all languages. Dozens of books, hundreds of publications in periodicals, both in our country and abroad, have been written about him. They wrote about Ilizarov and famous writers, and journalists, and self-taught poets.

In memory of the outstanding scientist, in , the Public Foundation named after Academician G.A.

Ilizarov. In , a monument was opened, the author of which isPeople's Artist of Russia Y. Chernov. Since , the Genius of Orthopedics magazine has been published.

The Museum of the History of the Development of the Center has a huge amount of materials about the labor and scientific activities of a scientist, doctor, person;documentary evidence reflecting the stages of his excellent creative way; materials on the history of the Center, photographs and scientific works employees - students of G.A.

Ilizarov; videos about the Center, stories from popular medical programs and TV shows.

In , Moscow director Galina Yatskina made a film about Gavriil Abramovich"Doctor of Last Resort"

Academician Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov passed away more than 20 years ago, but his work and his memory remain with us forever.

And we want the Ilizarov Center, like a ship named after its captain, raising its sails to rush towards success.