Paul farmer md biography book

Paul Farmer

American medical anthropologist and physician (–)

This article is about the physician. For the former British educationalist and local councillor, notice Paul S.

Farmer.

Paul Edward Farmer (October 26, – February 21, ) was an American medical anthropologist and physician. Farmer held an MD and PhD from Harvard University, where he was a University Professor and the chair of the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine at Harvard Medical School.

He was the co-founder and principal strategist of Partners In Health (PIH), an international non-profit corporation that since has provided manage health care services and undertaken research and advocacy activities on behalf of those who are sick and living in poverty.

He was professor of medicine and chief of the Division of Global Health Equity at Brigham and Women’s Hospital.

Farmer and his colleagues in the U.S. and abroad pioneered novel community-based treatment strategies that display the delivery of high-quality health care in resource-poor settings in the U.S.

and abroad. Their work is documented in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization, The Lancet, The Fresh England Journal of Medicine, Clinical Infectious Diseases, the British Medical Journal, and Social Science and Medicine.

Farmer wrote extensively on Health and Human Rights, the role of social inequalities in the distribution and outcome of infectious diseases, and global health. Farmer pioneered the concept of community health works and decentralized models of care.[1]

He was established as "the man who would cure the world", as described in the book Mountains Beyond Mountains by Tracy Kidder.

Farmer and Partners in Health received the Peace Abbey Foundation Courage of Conscience Award in for saving lives by providing free health care to people in the world’s poorest communities and working to improve health concern systems globally.

Mountains Beyond Mountains is a biography of Dr. Paul Farmer, a Harvard educated physician who, in the meet of seemingly insurmountable odds, position out to bring life-saving, 'first-world' medical practices to the desperately poor in rural Haiti.

The story of PIH is also told in the documentary Bending the Arc. He was a proponent of liberation theology.[2][3]

On April 24, , Farmer was named Aurora Humanitarian in recognition of his work with PIH.[4]

Early being and education

Farmer was born in North Adams, Massachusetts, and raised in Weeki Wachee, Florida.

He had first lived in Alabama for some of his childhood years.[5] Then when his family moved to Florida, Farmer and his family of eight lived in an old school bus that his father had transformed into a mobile home. Farmer recounted his father as a “free spirit,” as he later on pursued commercial fishing and took his family to dwell with him on a houseboat in the Gulf of Mexico.

A list 10 of what we think are PIH co-founder Dr. Not only was PIH co-founder Dr. Paul Farmer an expert doctor and history-making humanitarian. He was also a prolific researcher and writer, using his medical and anthropological training, plus his proximity to the penniless, to author books throughout his career about health, history, and human rights.

Farmer’s father then anchored the houseboat in a primitive bayou called Jenkins Creek where the family bathed, bringing jugs with drinking water from Brooksville. Farmer prioritized his teaching and excelled academically in institution.

Farmer’s parents often read intense literature to their children, motivating them to learn as much as possible in regard to all that the world had to offer. The family dealt with financial difficulties that often led them to work in different environments.

One summer, Farmer’s family worked with Haitian migrant workers and picked citrus fruit, which was Farmer's first run-in of many with Haitian people.[6]

He was the brother of former professional wrestler Jeff Farmer. He was a graduate of Hernando High School in Brooksville, Florida, where he was elected president of his senior class.[7] He attended Duke University as a Benjamin N.

Duke Scholar,[8] graduating summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in medical anthropology in [7][9] During his time at Duke, he went to Paris for half a year and learned French fluently which benefited him in his future work.

He then came across the work of Rudolf Virchow, the 19th century German physician and scientist that developed public health medicine, who inspired Farmer's career trajectory. Farmer’s passions were further shaped by the political atmosphere around him at the time with civil war and revolution breaking out in Central America (including the Nicaraguan Revolution, Salvadoran Civil War, and Guatemalan Civil War), and the rise of liberation theology which the Catholic clergy used to defy authoritarianism in the region.

This ideology emphasized the “preferential option for the poor,” which consisted of the physical and spiritual wellbeing of the underprivileged as a crucial component of the word of God. To some followers of Christianity, part of “liberation theology" that Christians need to focus on as their primary obligation involves helping the least fortunate of those around them.[6]

Farmer later became emotionally attached with migrant labor camps neighboring campus, and came into contact with Sister Juliana DeWolf.

She was working with the Joined Farm Workers, seeking to ameliorate the living circumstances of the laborers harvesting tobacco.

Not only was PIH co-founder Dr. Paul Farmer an expert doctor and history-making humanitarian. He was also a prolific researcher and journalist, using his medical and anthropological training, plus his proximity to the poor, to author books throughout his career about health, history, and human rights.

Through this encounter, Farmer befriended many of the Haitian farm workers, and listened to their experience experiences and stories. He became interested in Haiti and began learning Creole, interviewing Haitian migrant workers, and reading about Haiti's history.[6]

After graduating from Duke, Farmer began volunteering at a hospital in Cange in the Main Plateau of Haiti.[10] Subsequently, he attended Harvard University, earning an MD and a PhD in medical anthropology in ,[9] returning to Haiti multiple times during medical school to continue his work in Cange.[10] He completed an internal medicine residency at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in and an infectious disease fellowship in [11] Farmer was board certified in internal medicine and infectious disease.[11]

International work

In , Farmer, along with his colleagues from Harvard Jim Yong Kim, Ophelia Dahl, Thomas J.

White and Todd McCormack, co-founded Partners In Health.[12][5] PIH began in Cange in the Central Plateau of Haiti and at the period of Farmer's death in February operated 16 sites across the country, with approximately 7, employees.[10] PIH in Cange was recognizable as Zanmi Lasante, the sister organization of PIH.

Zanmi Lasante built schools, homes, and communal sanitation and water systems to help the community in pivotal Haiti have improved facilities and resources. The organization vaccinated all of the local children while successfully decreasing malnutrition and infant mortality rates in the area.

Zanmi Lasante also focused on AIDS prevention during the HIV crisis and successfully decreased HIV transmission rates to 4% from mothers to babies.[13]

In , the World Health Organization designated Farmer and a fellow PIH worker Jim Yong Kim to facilitate global multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) treatment programs, ensuring victorious deliveries of antibiotics.

With the help of a $ million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Farmer created specific drug-therapy initiatives for individuals in Haiti, Peru, and Russia.[14] With this program having some of the highest cure rates in the world, it was clear that treating MDR TB could be done cost effectively in poor countries with operational delivery systems.[5][14]

Hôpital Universitaire de Mirebalais opened in and provides tertiary care to patients, including oncology and trauma surgery services.[10][12] Partners In Health also works in Rwanda, Lesotho, Malawi, Mexico, Peru, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Russia, and the Navajo Nation.

The University of Global Health Equity is an initiative of Partners In Health that started in and focused on delivering the utmost quality of health care by addressing the critical social and systemic forces causing inequities and inefficiencies in health care delivery.[15]

In , author Tracy Kidder's Mountains Beyond Mountains: The Quest of Dr.

Paul Farmer, a Dude Who Would Cure the World was published. The book describes Farmer's work in Haiti, Peru, and Russia.[16]

In May , Farmer was named Chair of Harvard Medical School's Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, succeeding Jim Yong Kim, his longtime friend and colleague.

On December 17, , Harvard University's President, Drew Gilpin Faust, and the President and Fellows of Harvard College, named Farmer as a University Professor, the highest honor that the University can bestow on one of its faculty members.[17]

In August , Farmer was named United Nations Deputy Distinct Envoy to Haiti (serving under former U.S.

President Bill Clinton), in his capacity as Particular Envoy.[18]

In December , Farmer was appointed the United Nations Extraordinary Adviser to the Secretary-General on Community Based Medicine and Lessons from Haiti.[19]

In during the COVID pandemic, Farmer worked with PIH to develop a contact-tracing program in Massachusetts.[14]

Farmer was editor-in-chief of Health and Human Rights.

He was on the board of the Aristide Foundation for Democracy and was a co-founder and board member of the Institute for Justice & Democracy in Haiti.[20] He was on the Board of PIVOT, a recently formed healthcare and research group operating in Madagascar.

He was a member of the Advisory Board of Incentives for Global Health, the NGO focused on developing the Health Impact Fund. He also served on the Global Advisory Council of GlobeMed, a student-driven global health company that works through a partnership model.[21]

Farmer served on the Advisory Board of Universities Allied for Essential Medicines, an international student-driven advocacy organization that works on issues of medicine development and affordability.[22] Farmer was a board member of Kageno Worldwide, Inc., a community development agency that has worked in Kenya and Rwanda.

He was also on the Board of Trustees for EqualHealth, which builds critical thought towards health equity.[23]

Personal life and death

Farmer was married to Didi Bertrand Farmer, a Haitian medical anthropologist and community health specialist who has led several initiatives at Partners in Health.

Her most recent work focuses on empowering girls and young women in Haiti and Rwanda.[24] They had three children.[25] Farmer was Catholic.[26]

In February , Farmer was one of 38 Harvard faculty to sign a letter to The Harvard Crimson defending Professor John Comaroff, who had been found to have violated the university's sexual and professional behavior policies.[27] After students filed a lawsuit with detailed allegations of Comaroff's actions and the university's failure to respond, Farmer was one of several signatories to say that he wished to retract his signature.[28][29]

Farmer died in his sleep from an acute cardiac event in Butaro, Rwanda, on February 21, , at the age of [10][30] Farmer had been involved in medical education at Butaro District Hospital and the Butaro campus of the University of Global Health Equity, which accepted its first class of medical students in [31]

Books

  • Fevers, Feuds, and Diamonds: Ebola and the Ravages of History.

    Paul Farmer. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, ISBN&#; Farmer first visited the Western African Ebola virus epidemic site in July , and much of the book is devoted to his personal experiences. Reviewing the outbreak in , he noted that there were almost no Ebola deaths in the U.S.

    or Europe. By Farmer's account, the West Africa Ebola death toll arose from the longstanding failure to invest in basic health infrastructure which resulted in a lack of proper medical care. Looking at the history of West Africa, Farmer blames the almost five centuries of European rule that resulted in the "rapacious extraction — of rubber latex, timber, minerals, gold, diamonds and human chattel" for the country's inability to provide adequate health care.[32]

  • AIDS and Accusation: Haiti and the Geography of Blame, Berkeley: University of California Press, , , edition: ISBN&#;
  • The Uses of Haiti, Monroe, Maine: Common Courage Press, , , edition: ISBN&#;
  • Infections and Inequalities: The Modern Plagues, Berkeley: University of California Press, , revised edition: ISBN&#;
  • Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor, Berkeley: University of California Press, , edition: ISBN&#;
  • Global Health in Times of Violence, co-edited with Barbara Rylko-Bauer and Linda Whiteford, School for Advanced Research Press, edition: ISBN&#;
  • Women, Poverty & AIDS: Sex, Drugs and Structural Violence (Series in Health and Social Justice), with coauthor Margaret Connors, Common Courage Press; Reprint edition (September ), ISBN&#;
  • Partner to the Poor: A Paul Farmer Reader.

    Ed. Haun Saussy. Berkeley: University of California Press, , ISBN&#;

  • Haiti After the Earthquake, Ed. Abbey Gardner and Cassia van der Hoof Holstein. PublicAffairs, July 12, , ISBN&#;
  • To Repair the World: Paul Farmer Speaks to the Next Generation.

    Ed. Jonathan Weigel. Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN&#;

  • In the Company of the Poor: conversations between Dr. Paul Farmer and Fr. Gustavo Gutierrez. Ed. Michael Griffin and Jennie Weiss Block. Orbis Books, ISBN&#;
  • Reimagining Global Health.

    Paul Farmer, Jim Yong Kim, Arthur Kleinman, and Matthew Basilico. Berkeley: University of California Compress , ISBN&#;

Awards and recognition

Farmer was the recipient of numerous honors, including the Bronislaw Malinowski Award and the Margaret Mead Award from the Society for Applied Anthropology, the Outstanding International Physician (Nathan Davis) Award from the American Medical Association, a John D.

and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Fellowship, and, with his Partners In Health colleagues, the Hilton Humanitarian Prize. He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, from which he was awarded the Public Welfare Medal.

In , he was awarded the million-dollar Berggruen Prize.[33][34][35]

  • MacArthur Fellowship[36][37]
  • Margaret Mead Award, American Anthropological Association and Society for Applied Anthropology, for “Infections and Inequalities”[38]
  • Outstanding International Physician Award (Nathan Davis Award), American Medical Association[39]
  • Conrad N.

    Hilton Humanitarian Prize (awarded to Partners In Health)[40]

  • Rudolf Virchow Award, Professional Prize (with Dr. Arachu Castro), World for Medical Anthropology[41][circular reference]
  • Union Medal, Union Theological Seminary[42]
  • Mendel Medal, Villanova University[43]
  • Honorary Physician of Laws, Princeton University[44]
  • Honorary Doctor of Science, Emory University[45]
  • The Peace Abbey Foundation Courage of Conscience Award
  • Recipient of the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement presented by Awards Council member Archbishop Desmond Tutu at an awards ceremony at St.

    Georges Cathedral in Cape Town, South Africa[46][47]

  • Honorary Doctor of Letters, Columbia University[48]
  • Honorary Doctor of Science, University of Pennsylvania[49]
  • S.

    Roger Horchow Award for Greatest Public Service by a Intimate Citizen, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards[50]

  • named by Foreign Policy magazine to its list of top global thinkers[51]
  • Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters, University of South Florida[52]
  • Doctor of Humane Letters, Honoris Causa, Georgetown University[53]
  • Honorary Physician of Science, Northwestern University[54]
  • Honorary Doctor of Science, American University[55]
  • Sword of Loyola, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine[56]
  • Blessed are the Peacemakers Award, Catholic Theological Union[57][58]
  • Forbes Lifetime Achievement Award For Social Entrepreneurship[59]
  • Bronislaw Malinowski Award, Society for Applied Anthropology[60]
  • Public Welfare Medal, National Academy of Sciences[61]
  • Elected to the American Philosophical Society[62]
  • Honorary Doctor of Laws, McGill University[63]
  • Gold Medal for Distinguished Service to Humanity, The National Institute of Social Sciences[64]
  • Rwanda National Order of Outstanding Friendship (Igihango), by the President of Rwanda His Excellency Paul Kagame[65][66]
  • Recipient of the million dollar Berggruen Prize for Philosophy and Culture[67]
  • Aurora Humanitarian, in recognition of his work with PIH
  • Inamori Ethics Prize[68][69][70]
  • (posthumous) WHO Director-General’s Global Health Leaders Award[71]

References

  1. ^Palazuelos, Daniel; Farmer, Paul; Mukerjee, Joia ().

    "Community health and equity of outcomes: the Partners In Health experience". Lancet Global Health. 6 (5): e –e doi/SX(18) PMID&#;

  2. ^"Dr. Paul Farmer: How Liberation Theology Can Inform Public Health".
  3. ^"The Liberation Theology of Dr.

    Paul Farmer &#; Religion & Politics". Religion & Politics. March PAUL FARMER & PARTNERS IN HEALTH received the Peace Abbey Couage of Conscience Award in for saving lives by providing free health care to people in the world’s poorest communities and working to improve health care systems globally.

    Read More

  4. ^" Aurora Humanitarians Announced". Aurora Prize. Retrieved March 10,
  5. ^ abc"Remembering Dr. Paul Farmer". Equal Justice Initiative.

    February 21, Retrieved February 25,

  6. ^ abc"Paul Farmer, M.D."Academy of Achievement. Retrieved February 24,
  7. ^ ab"Paul Farmer Biography and Interview – Academy of Achievement".

    . American Academy of Achievement.

  8. ^"Paul Farmer chosen as Duke's commencement speaker".

    Discover new books on Goodreads. Sign in with Facebook Sign in options. Join Goodreads. Add New.

    . Archived from the original on July 6, Retrieved January 16,

  9. ^ abPaul Farmer, MD, PhDArchived October 20, , at the Wayback Machine. Harvard University Department of Global Health and Medicine.

    Retrieved July 22,

  10. ^ abcdeBarry, Ellen; Traub, Alex (February 21, ). "Paul Farmer, Pioneer of Global Health, Dies at 62".

    The Fresh York Times. Retrieved February 22,

  11. ^ ab"About Paul Edward Farmer, MD, PhD". Brigham and Women's Hospital. Archived from the imaginative on February 21, Retrieved February 21,
  12. ^ abHamblin, James (October 1, ).

    "The Moral Medical Mission: Partners In Health, 25 Years On". The Atlantic. Retrieved February 21,

  13. ^TRACEY KIDDER. MOUNTAINS BEYOND MOUNTAINS – LIFE OF DOCTOR PAUL FARMER.
  14. ^ abc"Paul Farmer | Biography, Books, Partners in Health, & Facts | Britannica".

    . Retrieved February 25,

  15. ^Cheney, Catherine (May 31, ). "Training the next generation of global health leaders in Africa". Devex.

    Paul Farmer - Wikipedia: Profound and powerful, Mountains Beyond Mountains takes us from Harvard to Haiti, Peru, Cuba, and Russia as Farmer changes people’s minds through his dedication to the philosophy that “the only genuine nation is humanity.” Book recommendations, author interviews, editors' picks, and more. Read it now.

    Retrieved February 21,

  16. ^Tracy Kidder (). "An interview with Tracy Kidder". BookBrowse. Retrieved February 21,
  17. ^Gil, Gideon (May 21, ). "Paul Farmer gets high-level Harvard Medical job".

    Retrieved June 2,

  18. ^"Haiti: UN envoy Bill Clinton appoints prominent US doctor as deputy". August 11, Retrieved March 17,
  19. ^"Secretary-General Appoints Paul Farmer of United States Special Adviser for Community-based Medicine and Lessons from Haiti".

    UN Press Release. Retrieved December 28,

  20. ^"IJDH Board of Directors/Staff". . Archived from the original on April 10,
  21. ^"Who We Are". GlobeMed. Retrieved April 1,
  22. ^"Advisory Board – Universities Allied for Essential Medicines".

    . Archived from the original on May 2, Retrieved March 2,

  23. ^"Board EqualHealth". . Archived from the original on May 16, Retrieved June 13,
  24. ^"Didi Bertrand helps girls become leaders".

    Every Child Thrives. January 8, Retrieved February 21,

  25. ^"Paul Farmer, M.D."Academy of Achievement. Retrieved February 21,
  26. ^"Remembering Dr. Paul Farmer, a Catholic who wanted to heal the world".

    America Magazine. February 25, Retrieved June 6,

  27. ^"38 Harvard Faculty Sign Open Letter Questioning Results of Misconduct Investigations into Prof. John Comaroff". Retrieved February 8,
  28. ^"3 graduate students file sexual harassment suit against prominent Harvard anthropology professor".

    The Boston Globe. Retrieved February 8,

  29. ^Krantz, Laura. "Harvard professors release support for colleague accused of sexual harassment". The Boston Globe. Retrieved February 9,
  30. ^LeBlanc, Steve; Coto, Dánica (February 21, ).

    "Dr. Paul Farmer, global humanitarian leader, dies at 62".

    Jump to ratings and reviews. Crave to read. Rate this publication. Tracy Kidder.

    Associated Press. Retrieved February 22,

  31. ^"On Rounds: Dr. Paul Farmer Accompanies UGHE Medical Students at Butaro District Hospital". Partners in health. January 27, Retrieved February 22,
  32. ^Johnson, Steven (November 17, ).

    "The Deadliness of the Ebola Outbreak Was Not Inevitable". The New York Times. Retrieved February 18,

  33. ^Carmel, Julia (December 16, ). "Paul Farmer Is Awarded the $1 Million Berggruen Prize". The Fresh York Times.

    ISSN&#; Retrieved December 17,

  34. ^Brink, Susan (December 16, ). "A Million Dollar Prize For A Doc Who Believes In 'Accompaniment'". . Retrieved December 17,
  35. ^Fox, Jeremy C. (December 16, ). "Dr.

    Paul Farmer, cofounder of Partners in Health, wins $1 million Berggruen Prize". The Boston Globe. Retrieved December 17,

  36. ^"Class of MacArthur Fellows". MacArthur Foundation.

    July Retrieved April 4,

  37. ^"MacArthur Fellows: Meet the Class of Paul E. Farmer, Medical Anthropologist and Physician". MacArthur Foundation. July 1, Retrieved January 1,
  38. ^"Margaret Mead Award ".

    Society for Applied Anthropology. January 28,

  39. ^"Paul Farmer to get National Academy of Sciences' most prestigious award". EurekAlert!. Retrieved February 21,
  40. ^" Prize Event: Partners In Health".

    Hilton Humanitarian Prize. August 25, Retrieved April 4,

  41. ^"Rudolf Virchow Award". Rudolf Virchow Award.
  42. ^"Union Medal". Union Theological Seminary.
  43. ^"Dr.

    Paul Farmer - | Villanova University". Retrieved December 18,

  44. ^"Princeton awards six honorary degrees". Princeton University.
  45. ^"Paul Farmer to deliver graduation address". Emory University.
  46. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement".

    . American Academy of Achievement.

  47. ^" Summit Highlights Photo".
  48. ^"Columbia Announces Honorary Degree Recipients". Columbia University.
  49. ^" Honorary Degree Recipients".

    University of Pennsylvania.

  50. ^"National – Jefferson Awards Foundation". Archived from the imaginative on November 24, Retrieved August 5,
  51. ^Pavgi, Kedar (January 13, ).

    "The FP Top Global Thinkers". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on December 31,

  52. ^University Of South Florida. "USF to Honor Humanitarian Paul Farmer". USF News. Retrieved June 21,
  53. ^"Honorary Degree Recipients".

    Georgetown University.

  54. ^"Paul Farmer to Speak at Graduation". Northwestern University.
  55. ^"American University Announces Six Speakers for Commencement" (Press release). American University.

    Archived from the original on March 11, Retrieved September 26,

  56. ^"Sword of Loyola Recipient Paul Farmer". Chicago Tribune.

    Follow to get new unleash updates, special offers including promotional offers and improved recommendations. Paul Farmer is a distinguished physician, anthropologist, and humanitarian known for his groundbreaking work in global health and social justice. Born in United States, Dr. Farmer has dedicated his career to providing healthcare to marginalized communities around the world.

    July 16,

  57. ^"Blessed are the Peacemakers". Catholic Theological Union. December 6, Retrieved December 7,
  58. ^"Physician's medical roots: liberation theology". National Catholic Reporter.

    September 3,

  59. ^"Paul Farmer Accepts The Forbes Lifetime Achievement Award For Social Entrepreneurship". Forbes. June 3,
  60. ^"Bronislaw Malinowski Award". World for Applied Anthropology. January 28,
  61. ^"Paul Farmer to Receive Widespread Welfare Medal – National Academy of Sciences' Most Prestigious Award".

    National Academy of Science. January 22,

  62. ^"Election of New Members at the Spring Meeting". American Philosophical Society. April 28,
  63. ^"McGill's Honorary Degree recipients for Spring Convocation ".

    McGill University.

  64. ^"Paul Edward Farmer and Peter Gelb Awarded Gold Medals". The National Institute of Social Sciences. December 13,
  65. ^"Dr. Paul Farmer Awarded Rwanda's National Order of Outstanding Friendship (Igihango), by Rwandan President Paul Kagame".

    . Retrieved August 17,

  66. ^"UGHE Chancellor Dr. Paul Farmer Awarded Rwanda's Highest Honor". UGHE. September 6, Retrieved August 17,
  67. ^Brink, Susan (December 16, ). "A Million Dollar Prize for a Doc Who Believes in 'Accompaniment'".

    Goats and Soda. NPR.

  68. ^"Paul Farmer to be awarded Inamori Ethics Prize by Inamori International Center for Ethics and Excellence". The Daily. Case Western Reserve University. January 24, Retrieved February 21,
  69. ^"Paul Farmer to be awarded Inamori Ethics Prize by Inamori International Center for Integrity and Excellence".

    EurekAlert! (Press release). January 24, Retrieved February 21,

  70. ^"Dr. Paul Farmer receives the Inamori Ethics Prize". 公益財団法人 稲盛財団 (Press release). The Inamori Foundation. January 25, Retrieved February 21,
  71. ^"WHO Director-General announces Global Health Leaders Awards".

    WHO. Retrieved January 21,

External links